When should I utilize the “TM” symbol and when should I utilize the ??

The “TM” symbol is employed to indicate a declaration of common-law rights in a trademark, indicating that a mark is being used as a source identifier, whereas the circled “R” symbol (?) is utilized to signify a federally registered trademark, delivering official notice of a registered trademark with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) or the pertinent trademark authority in other nations (see How Do I Safeguard My Trademark In Other Countries).